Unit 1. The Term Administration
1. The Term Administration has a long history, coinsides with the formaition of the State. It has two principle senses at the same time: Directing: to manage, direct, govern and Assisting: to help, assist, serve.
2. Administer and Manage had some similar meanings but Administration has a subtler and more extended series of meanings. In its broadest sense, administration can be defined as the activities of groups coorperating to accomplish common goals.

Reading Comprehension
1. Public administration is an art because some people have a gift for administration and become natural administrators.
2. Public administration is an science because administrators need the technical skills that allow the diggestion and tranference of information.
3. Lawrence coinsides Public administration as a profession (1).
4. Public administration includes whatever the public employees of the world do, ranging from typing documents to running general elections.
5. Flecher defined public administration as the activity of public servants; the stucture of executive government and study of them (2).
6. Waldo defined: Public administration is the organization and management of men and matarials to achieve the purposes of government. Public administration is art and science of management as applied to affair of the State (3).
7. The components of executive power are administrative power and regulatory power.
8. Administrative institutions is a set of institutions comprising of legal and regulatory documents and rules to govern the organization.
9. The term Administration is commonly used in where a market economy is developed because in these countries the private sector plays an important role opposite the public sector.
10. Public adminitration can be seen in 3 aspects: It is a power named Administrative power (1) It is an institution formed by a system of public power bodies (2) and It is an action: The concrete day–to–day work to implement the guidelines of the manager (3)

Main idea1.
The notion of P.administration is very old but understanding about it still differs among different academics and practisioners. They said that P.ad is both art, science and even a profession.
2. There are two definitions of public administration.
According to Flecher, P. ad can be used to denote: the activity of public servants; the stucture of executive government and study of them
Waldo gave this definition: Public administration is the organization and management of men and matarials to achieve the purposes of government. Public administration is art and science of management as applied to affair of the State.
3. In Vietnam P.ad can be used to denote the administrative power, a system of public bodies; a se.t of institutions namely administrative institution and the action of public servants in the bureaucracy.
So topic 1: Say about Administration:
- The Term Administration and its broadest sense
- The notions of Public administration: Lawrence, Flecher and Waldo.
- P.ad in Vietnam: It is a power named Administrative power (1) It is an institution formed by a system of public power bodies (2) and It is an action: The concrete day–to–day work to implement the guidelines of the manager.
Topic 2: The Legislature of the SRV
1. In the SRV the National Assembly is the only organ with constitutional and legislative powers has the obligation and power to make and to amend laws.
2. There are 7 subject may present draft laws to the NA:
- the country’s president
- the standing committee of the NA
- the Nationalities Council and the Committee of the NA
- the Government
- the Supreme People’s Court
- the Supreme People’s Office of Supervision and Control
- the Vietnam Father land Front and its member organization
3. Laws and resolution of the NA must be approved by more than half of the total membership but decision to amend the Constitution must be approved by at least two-third and made public fifteen days after their adoption at least.
4. The Standing Committee of the NA has the power to interpret the Constitution, to enact decree-law which must be approved by more than half of its membership.
5. Laws, decree law and changes to the Constitution are announced officially by the country’s president.

Comprehension:
The NA of the SRV has about 500 members who is elected to represent the will and the aspiration of the people from provinces.

Compare with the Legislature in the UK:
- The main legislative body is the Parliament which consists of two houses: The House of Commons and the House of Lords.
- New laws can only come into force when they have passed through Parliament. Each bill must have three readings and received Royal Assent from the Qween.
- The UK is a constitutional monarchy without a written constitution and some part of Government system are regulated by convention.

Topic 3: The Government of the SRV
1.The Government is the executive body of the NA and the highest state administrative body of the SRV.
2. The Government assumes the unified administration of the implementation of all fields: political, economic, cultural, social, national defense, security and external activities of the State;
Ensure the effectiveness of the State apparatus from the center to the grassroots level;
Ensures respect for and observance of the construction and defense;
Promotes the people’s right to mastery in national construction and defense;
Ensures the stabilization and improvement of the material and cultural life of the people.
3. The Gov is accountable to the NA, the Standing Committee of the NA and the President of the State.
4. The Gov structure consists of Ministries and Ministerial level agencies.
5. The NA considers and decides on the establishment or abolition of a ministry or a ministrial level agency on the Premier’s recommendation.
The Prime Minister is elected by the NA on the recommendation of the President; Vice-Prime Minister, Minister and Heads of ministerial level agencies are appointed by the NA.
Compare with the Gov of the UK:
- Structure: The Gov of the UK consists of the Ministers who are appointed by the Crown on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is appointed directly by the Crown and is the leader of the political party which has a majority of seats in the Commons House.
He is the subject of constitution conventions, the head of the Gov and presides over meetings of the Cabinet which its members consists of the most important ministers who are selected by the Prime Minister.

The Cabinet of the UK.
Obviously, no government wants an important member of its party to start criticizing it. This would lead to divisions in the party. Therefore, the leading politicians in the governing party usually become members of the cabinet, where they are tied to government poluci by the convention of collective responsibility.
The cabinet meets once a week and takes decisions about new policies, the implementation of existing policies and the running of the various government departments. Because all government membes must be seen to agree, exactly who says what at these meetings is a closely guarded secret. Reports are made of the meetings and circulated to government departments. They summarize the topics discussed and the de cision taken, but they nevar refer to individuals or what they said.
To help run the complicated machinery of a morden government, there is an organization called the cabinet office. It runs a busy communication network, keeping ministers in touch with each other and drawing up the agendas for cabinet committees. These committees are appointed by the cabinet to look into various matters in morden detail than the individual members of the cabinet have the time ( or knowledge) for. Unlike members of the government itself, the people on these committees are not necessarily politicians.

Còn đây là những topic mình chuẩn bị, mặc dù hơi giống của admin nhưng không hoàn toàn vậy đâu? Các bạn tham khảo rồi cho mình nên chỉnh sửa như thế nào nhé!
Topic 2: The Socialist Republic of Vietnam: The political system
(The policy system of Viet Nam consists of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the state and socio-political organizations).
Text 1:
The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is an independent and sovereign country.
The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a State of the people, from the people, for the people.
The State guarantees and unceasingly promotes the people’s mastery in all fields and severely punishes all acts violating the interests of the motherland and the people; it strives to build a rich and strong country in which social justice prevails, all men have enough to eat and to wear, enjoy freedom, happiness, and all necessary conditions for complete development.
The Communist Party of Vietnam, the vanguard of the Vietnamese working class, the faithful representative of the rights and interest of the working class, the toiling people, and the whole nation, acting upon the Marxist-Leninist doctrine and Ho Chi Minh’s thought is the force leading the State and society.
All Party organizations operate within the framework of the constitution and the law.
Text 2:
The socialist Republic of Vietnam is the unified state of all nationalities living on the territory of Vietnam.
The State carries out a policy of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance among all nationalities, and forbids all acts of national discrimination and division.
Every ethnic group has the right to use its own language and system of writing, to preserve its national identity, and to promote its fine customs, habits, traditions and culture.
The State carries out a policy of comprehensive development and gradually raises the material and spiritual living conditions of the national minorities.
The people make use of State power through the agency of the National Assembly and the People’s Councils, which represent the will and aspirations of the people, are elected by them and responsible to them.
Democratic centralism is the principle governing the organization and activity of the National Assembly, the People’s Councils, and all other State organs.
Elections to the National Assembly and the People’s Councils are held in accordance with the principles of universal, equal, direct, and secret suffrage.
A member of the National Assembly shall be removed from office by the electors of the National Assembly, a member of a People’s Council by electors of the People’s Council, when this member is no longer worthy of the confidence of the people.
All State organs, cadres and employees must show respect for the people, devotedly serve them, maintain close links with them, listen to their opinions and submit themselves to their control; all manifestations of bureaucratism, arrogance, arbitrariness and corruption shall be vigorously opposed.

Topic 3: The Legislature of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the only organ with constitutional and legislature powers is the National Assembly.
According to the 1992 Constitution, the country’s President, the Standing committee of the National Assembly, the Nationalities Council and Committees of the National Assembly, the Government, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Office of Supervision and Control, the Vietnam Fatherland Front and its member organizations may present draft laws to the National Assembly. Member of the National Assembly may present motions concerning laws draft laws to the National Assembly.
Laws and resolutions of the National Assembly must be approved by more than half of the total membership of the National Assembly; but decisions taken by the National Assembly to amend the Constitution as stated in Article 147 must be approved by at least two-thirds of its total membership.
The Permanent Committee of the National Assembly is its Standing Committee, which has the power to interpret the Constitution, the law, and decree-laws; to enact decree-laws on matters entrusted to it by the National Assembly.
Laws, decree-laws and changes to the Constitution are announced officially by the country’s President.







Topic 4: the Legislature of the United Kingdom
The main legislative body in Britain is the Parliament. It is one of the oldest representative authorities in the world. Historically, Parliament developed from the councils that in early times were appointed to advise the King.
The British Parliament consists of two houses: the House of Commons, and the House of Lords. The Queen is the formal head of Parliament. The House of Commons is an elected chamber and has more power than the House of Lords. The role of the House of Lords is restricted to revising the legislation passed by the Commons and it can only delay the enactment of some bills.
New laws can only come into force when they have passed through Parliament. A proposal for a new law is called a bill. According to very ancient practice, each bill must have three readings in order to become a law. The bill becomes a law or, in other words, an Act of Parliament, after it receives Royal Assent from the Queen.
Britain is a constitutional monarchy without a written constitution. In this respect, the United Kingdom is unique among nations as constitutions are usually written documents. But this doesn’t mean that Britain lacks a body of constitutional laws. Some parts of the governmental system are written down in Acts of Parliament which are also called “laws” or “statutes”. Others are regulated by conventions, which are commonly accepted assumptions about the way things should be done mostly based on precedents. As there are none of the usual legal restraints imposed by a written constitution, Parliament is the supreme authority in Britain and legislates as it pleases, subject only to Britain’s obligations as a member of the European Union.
Parliament has direct and exclusive control over legislation. It can make new laws, replace any of the laws already in force with other laws, turn conventions into laws, or even overturn established conventions. Other law-making bodies in the country (such as local councils) exercise their powers only so long as Parliament authorizes them to do so. The accountability of government is ensured by two constitutional conventions: all ministers are collectively responsible to Parliament for the policy of the Government as a whole, and each minister is individually responsible for the work of his or her department. Cabinet minister may be forced to resign by a vote of no confidence in Parliament if their actions do not meet with Parliament’s approval.

giòi quá! cảm ơn quykiemsau nha, rất bổ ích!

vậy ah, Cũng bình thường thôi em vì đây là summary mà cô đã bắt học mà. Cố lên nha! Kì này 5 chỉ đó!

oi may qua ,t dâng cần cái này .thank bác quỷ nha

Khốn! Bác quỷ nào ở đây? Nhưng mà khi nào học đủ hết mấy topic thì mình đem lên hết cho. Cứ từ từ đợi nhé!

là bác quỷ kiếm sầu chứ ai nữa ,cố làm nhanh lên cho bạn bè học vói nha " anh quỷ"

Dạ em nghĩ là trong thời gian ngắn nhất em sẽ hoàn thành, cố gắng đợi nhé! Chắc là khoảng 5, 7 tháng gì nữa đấy. Kakakakakak

vậy thì em di die di nha ,khôn hồn thì bỏ chữ tháng thay bằng chữ ngày đi

em sẽ thay đổi nhưng mà tháng thành năm nhé? Hahaha